Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurobiological disorder that usually begins in childhood and can continue into adulthood. ADHD is characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
The main symptoms of ADHD are:
Attention Deficit: Includes symptoms such as difficulty concentrating, maintaining attention, and completing tasks. The person may be easily distracted, miss details, and have difficulty with organizational and planning skills.
Hyperactivity: Symptoms such as excessive activity, inability to stay still, constantly playing with hands or feet, getting up and walking frequently can be seen. These symptoms are often noticed in the classroom or other social settings.
Impulsivity: It includes symptoms such as reacting quickly, having difficulty waiting, doing words or actions without thinking. The person may have difficulty in observing social rules and may engage in impulsive behaviors.
The exact cause of ADHD is not fully known, but it is thought to be the interaction of many factors such as genetic factors, differences in brain chemistry and function, environmental factors and prenatal risk factors. ADHD has been associated with irregularities in areas of the brain involved in attention and impulse control.
Treatment of ADHD requires a multidisciplinary approach. Treatment often includes methods such as medications, behavioral therapy, education, and support services. Medications can increase attention span and reduce symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsivity. Behavior therapy focuses on improving an individual’s skills, learning about impulse control, and encouraging appropriate behavior. Education and support services, on the other hand, help support an individual’s educational and social function.
ADHD can negatively impact a person’s life, but with appropriate treatment and support, individuals can usually manage it successfully. With early diagnosis, appropriate treatment and environmental regulations, the quality of life and functionality of individuals with ADHD can be increased.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Symptoms:
Attention Deficit Symptoms:
Difficulty in attention span and easily distracted
Difficulty completing tasks and organizing tasks
Difficulty paying attention to details
Difficulty organizing tasks and making plans
Difficulty finishing and getting things done
Frequent loss of belongings and forgetfulness
Frequent mistakes and carelessness in tasks
Hyperactivity Symptoms:
Being constantly on the move, unable to stay still
Frequent fidgeting, rocking, or fidgeting with hands or feet
Finding it hard to be quiet, talking constantly, or making too much noise
Frequent restless behaviors such as running, jumping, or climbing
Inability to remain calm in class or other social situations
Impulsivity Symptoms:
Don’t be impatient, don’t be impatient
Don’t wait your turn, don’t interrupt others talking
Expressing missed thoughts and feelings, speaking without thinking
Susceptibility to risky behaviors, taking part in dangerous activities without thinking
Difficulty observing social rules, disturbing others
Some of the Treatment Methods for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD):
Drug Therapy: The drugs commonly used in the treatment of ADHD are drugs with a stimulant effect, often called stimulants. These drugs increase attention span and reduce the symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsivity. Medication is prescribed by a psychiatrist or pediatrician and requires regular follow-up.
Behavioral Therapies: Behavioral therapies are an effective treatment option used to help manage ADHD symptoms. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Behavioral Education Programs (DEP) focus on improving learning skills, learning impulse control, and improving time management and organizational skills. Behavioral therapies are tailored to the individual’s age and needs.
Education and Support Services: Education and support services for individuals with ADHD may be offered by teachers, families, and other support providers. These services provide specific teaching strategies, arrangements, and support to help cope with ADHD symptoms. It is also important that teachers and families receive training on ADHD.
Strategic Environmental Arrangements: It is also important to make environmental arrangements for individuals with ADHD. For example, measures such as reducing distracting stimuli in the classroom, establishing a regular and structured routine, and providing support for tracking and planning homework can be taken.
Support Groups and Counseling: Support groups and counseling services can be helpful for individuals with ADHD and their families. This type of support helps to share experiences, discuss problems, and provide emotional support.
